Pediatric Eating Disorder Hospitalizations Increase to 139%, Doctors Give Advice for Parents

By Lucia Paula , Parent Herald Dec 07, 05:59 am

Photo: (Photo : Kenny Eliason on Unsplash)

In a recent study analyzing over 11,000 pediatric eating disorder hospitalizations in Ontario from April 2002 to March 2020, researchers uncovered a startling trend: a 139% increase in hospitalizations from 2002 to 2019. This data, published by JAMA Network Open, highlights a growing need for better treatment and services for those who don't fit the stereotypical patient profile of eating disorders.

Eating Disorders Significant Increase Among Young Males

The study reveals significant increases in hospitalizations among often overlooked demographics. Young male patients saw a 416% increase, those aged 12 to 14 experienced a 196% rise, and patients with eating disorders other than anorexia or bulimia nervosa increased by 255%.

Dr. Sarah Smith, the lead study author and an attending physician at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) in Toronto, emphasizes the urgency of recognizing that young people outside the typical image of eating disorders are becoming severely ill.

The public perception of eating disorders typically conjures the image of an affluent white teenage girl. Stuart Murray, an associate professor of psychiatry at the University of Southern California's Keck School of Medicine, notes that this stereotype contributes to misdiagnosis and delayed care for those who do not fit this profile.

Sara Hofmeier, a licensed clinical mental health counselor, echoes this concern, highlighting the need for accurate and early diagnosis for effective intervention and recovery.

The study also sheds light on lesser-known eating disorders such as pica, rumination syndrome, and other specified food, feeding, and eating disorders (OSFED). These conditions, though less recognized, contribute significantly to the rising hospitalization numbers.

Dr. Smith suggests that the increase in hospitalizations could be due to a rise in eating disorder prevalence, reduced stigma, and improved screening. She makes the claim that desires other than weight loss, such as aspirations for fitness or health, might be the driving force behind changes in eating habits. Additionally, healthcare providers and parents are becoming more adept at recognizing red flags and facilitating access to care.

Importance of Early Detection and Specialized Care

Historically, diagnostic criteria for eating disorders excluded men and boys, leading to a lack of awareness and stigma around these conditions in male populations. This exclusion has often resulted in delayed help-seeking behaviors due to the misconception of eating disorders as a women's disease.

The data, stopping before the COVID-19 pandemic, does not capture the full scope of the issue, as it only includes cases that required hospitalization. Dr. Smith suggests that the pandemic may have exacerbated these trends, warranting further research.

As diagnostic criteria evolve to be more inclusive, it's crucial for families and clinicians to be aware of the signs of eating disorders in all demographics. Experts like Jennifer Rollin, founder of The Eating Disorder Center, recommend reaching out to therapists specializing in eating disorders for evaluations and guidance.

The study underscores the importance of adapting treatment approaches to be more inclusive and aware of diverse presentations of eating disorders.

As we approach the winter holiday season, a time often associated with increased diet culture pressure, it's vital to remain vigilant for changes in eating behaviors, weight, and overall health in children and adolescents. This awareness can lead to early intervention, potentially shortening the duration of the illness and improving recovery outcomes.