A recent study has revealed that women suffering from premenstrual disorders (PMDs) such as premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are more than twice as likely to experience early menopause. This research, which was conducted at the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden, indicates that the risk of early menopause for women with PMDs is 2.67 times greater compared to those without these conditions.
Health Implications of Early Menopause
Early menopause, defined as occurring before the age of 45, is a concern due to its association with various health risks. It not only shortens a woman's reproductive years but is also linked with poorer heart, brain, and bone health.
"It is important to identify women at risk for early menopause because of its link with poorer health outcomes," commented Dr. Stephanie Faubion, director of the Mayo Clinic Center for Women's Health.
The study also found that women with PMDs were more likely to experience severe vasomotor symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats. Previous research has shown a connection between these symptoms and an increased risk of cognitive decline and heart attacks.
While the correlation between PMDs and early menopause is clear, it remains uncertain whether PMDs directly cause early menopause. The study suggests that these two conditions may share common risk factors, such as development during puberty and smoking. There is a possibility that the hypothalamus, the part of the brain responsible for hot flashes, operates differently in women with hormone-driven mood disorders.
The research further raises questions about whether treating mood disorders associated with PMDs could possibly alleviate hot flashes or influence the timing of menopause. These are areas that require further investigation.
Identifying Women at Risk for Early Menopause
This new research can assist health care professionals in identifying women who may be at risk for early menopause. PMS is a condition characterized by physical and mood changes occurring monthly, leading up to menstruation. Symptoms include anxiety, depression, irritability, insomnia, poor concentration, appetite changes, fatigue, aches and pains, headaches, bloating, gastrointestinal symptoms, and abdominal pain.
A smaller percentage of women suffer from PMDD, which is similar to PMS but includes more severe symptoms such as panic attacks, anger that can impact relationships, and a lack of interest in daily activities. While these conditions cannot be cured, there are medications and behavioral changes that can help manage their symptoms.
It's also important for women to know that early menopause and its associated symptoms can be managed. There are a variety of resources available, including menopause experts or Menopause Society Certified Practitioners, who can provide advice and guidance.
While there may not be immediate steps that those with PMDs can take, it's crucial for them to be aware of this potential risk for the future.
"They may consult health professionals for potential prevention and/or intervention when the time comes," said Yihui Yang, a doctoral student at Karolinska Institutet and lead author of the study.
This new research underscores the importance of awareness and early intervention in managing both PMDs and the risk of early menopause, highlighting the complex interplay between reproductive health and overall wellbeing.
