A latest discovery could be a boon for newborns and older patients against severe effects of jaundice.
Researchers at the University of Guelph have discovered that a liver enzyme projects cells that can prevent harm caused by jaundice.
In the study, the researchers stated that they found a natural enzyme cytochrome P450 2A5 that breaks down a substance known as bilirubin in the liver and keeps it going.
According to the researchers, more bilirubin in the blood activates the gene to make this enzyme, which in turn acts on the bilirubin and prevents liver cells from dying. According to the study co-author Gordon Kriby, high amounts of bilirubin can be toxic and can cause permanent brain damage.
However, the researchers said they need to study further to know about the safe and effective levels of the enzyme before it can be used for treatment.
"We need to fine-tune our ability to manipulate this enzyme and fully understand its role in bilirubin removal," said lead researcher Daniel Kim.
The study stated that nearly two out of three newborns get jaundice. Ultraviolet light is commonly used to treat the condition. But, the UV treatment does not always work and the bilirubin can build up to toxic levels, causing permanent brain damage, loss of hearing or cerebral palsy.
People with liver disease or increased breakdown of red blood cells are also prone to contract jaundice. The researchers stated that the discovery is important. According to Kim, the discovery might lead to an alternative treatment for jaundice, such as a new drug or supplement.
