Scientists have developed a genetic test that can predict and detect Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) very early.
The test developed by professor Stan Skafidas and colleagues at the University of Melbourne was 70 percent accurate in predicting ASD, and helpful in providing better treatments.
Autism is a developmental disorder that leads to significant social, communication and behavioral changes. Nearly one in every 88 children in the United States is affected with autism.
Researchers looked at data from Autism Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) and Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative (SFARI) that contained more than 7,000 individuals with ASD and their relatives. They identified 237 genetic markers (SNPs) in 146 genes and also examined the role of cellular pathways in the disorder. Researchers noticed and measured the markers that caused and protected the occurrence.
The results were further used in developing an effective ASD test. While each risk marker increases the genetic test score, the protective markers bring down the score. The ASD risk will also go up along with the overall test score.
"This test could assist in the early detection of the condition in babies and children and help in the early management of those who become diagnosed," he said. "It would be particularly relevant for families who have a history of Autism or related conditions such as Asperger's Syndrome," lead researcher professor Stan Skafidas, Director of the Centre for Neural Engineering at the University of Melbourne, said in a statement.
ASD is starts normally by age three and stays through a person's life. Until now, no medical or blood test is available for an early diagnosis of the condition. The behavior and development of the child are some factors used by health practitioners to determine the disorder.
"Early identification of risk means we can provide interventions to improve overall functioning for those affected, including families," Clinical neuropsychologist, Dr Renee Testa from the University of Melbourne and Monash University, explained.
