The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is moving to ban red food dye 3 in food sold in the country, a move that comes after years of concern over the adverse health impacts it has on children.
The FDA will decide on a ban on Red 3 in the coming weeks after receiving a petition to review the safety of the product, as first reported by NBC News.
The agency has said it reviewed the safety of Red 3 "multiple times" since the product was first approved for use in food and drugs in 1969. The petition, which has been filed by multiple health and food safety nonprofits and organizations, is asking the FDA to review it once more.
What Is Red Dye 3?
Red Dye 3, also known as Erythrosine, is a synthetic food coloring agent derived from petroleum. When used in food or medication, the dye gives the product a bright, cherry-red, or watermelon-red color.
The additive is used in certain food products, including candies, cereals, dairy, beverages, gelatin desserts, baked goods, processed meats, ice pops, and fruit cocktails. It is important to note that the FDA said the dye is safe to consume if done correctly, but it was found to be carcinogenic in animals. As such, it has been banned for use in cosmetics in 1990.
How Does Red Dye 3 Affect Children?
The additive has been associated with several potential health concerns for children. Multiple studies have linked erythrosine to increased hyperactivity and exacerbation of ADHD symptoms in children. These can manifest as constant fidgeting, excessive movement, inability to concentrate, interrupting conversations, and little or no sense of danger.
Animal studies have also suggested that Red Dye 3 increases the risk of thyroid cancer. While these have yet to be proven in humans, they have raised concerns. Some research also indicated that the additive could cause thyroid dysfunction.
To keep children safe, parents and guardians are advised to read the ingredient list on the product packaging. By law, manufacturers are required to disclose the presence of Red Dye 3 on food labels wherein they could be written using the terms Erythrosine, FD&C Red No. 3, and Red 3.
